ExxonMobil Change Management Strategy

ExxonMobil Change Management Strategy 1. Abstract ExxonMobil is the largest international oil and gas company that holds industry-leading inventory of global oil and gas resources and also the largest refiner and marketer of petroleum products. They constantly look ways to find better, safer and cleaner ways to deliver the energy. ExxonMobil was formed on 30th November 1999 by merging Exxon and Mobil. Petroleum refinery has developed in respond to changing demand. There are 4 main processes in refinery and that is distillation, thermal cracking, catalytic and treatment processes. Prince William Sounds is a private location and gives major problem to industry and government during the response effort after the oil spill incident. The disaster made a massive impact to environment, economically and socially. Positive changes in the oil refinery industry are Operation Integrated Management System, OIMS that is a better radar system and Coast Guard in Prince William Sound. 2. Introduction On March 1989, Exxon Valdez tanker en route from Alaska to Los Angeles, California ran stranded on Bligh Reef in Prince William Sound, Alaska. The vessel was traveling out from normal shipping lanes in an attempt to steer away from ice berg. For the reason remains unclear, the tanker failed to turn back into the shipping lanes and ran aground on Bligh Reef on March 24, 1989 at 12:04am. Within 6 hours grounding, the Prudehoe Baycrude oil spilled roughly 10.9 million gallons of its 53 million gallons cargo. Most of the tanks on board were damaged. The spilled oil finally impact over 11 hundred miles of non-continuous coastline in Alaska. The disaster makes the Exxon Valdez the largest oil spilled to date in U.S. waters. 2.1 Objectives of the Assignment From this report, many information on ExxonMobil Corporation you can discover such like the aims and objectives of the company, the oil and refinery industrial processes and operations, risks in all areas that leads to the oil spill disaster and pollution, consequences and all the hazards of the oil spill disaster, the improvement and changes in the management systems to prevent the disaster from occurring. 3. ExxonMobils aims and objectives ExxonMobil Corporation is a merger of two companies, Exxon and Mobil, which took place in 1999. This made the company one of the biggest public listed energy companies in the world with subsidiaries in over 200 countries. ExxonMobils core business is energy and it encompasses exploration and production of crude oil, natural gas, manufacturing petroleum products and transportation. They are also involved in sales of crude oil, natural gas and petroleum. ExxonMobil Corporation is also a major player in manufacturing and marketing of basic petrochemicals including polypropylene plastics, polyethylene, olefins, aromatics and a wide variety of specialty products. They also have interest in electric power generation facilities. It is committed to being the worlds premier petroleum and petrochemical company. Yet, they must continuously achieve superior financial and operating results while simultaneously adhering to high ethical standards. 3.1 ExxonMobil Sectors Aim and Objectives The aim and objectives of ExxonMobil Corporation is divided into a few sectors: Exploration: finding opportunities in concepts and plays that have high uncertainty but potential to give a long term resource growth. Exploration is pursued despite of life cycle, across geological and geographical environments leading to technology and capabilities Development: Focuses on better and industry-leading project implementation to deliver maximum value over the assets life. They also focus on disciplined investment decisions that increase reliability, profitable volumes and reduce cost. Production: Maximizes profit production by leveraging their global organization to manage oil and gas assets by applying the best practices and also sharing of experiences, learning and expertise. They describe the priorities globally with a special organizational structure combining with a set of globally consistent processes Refining and Supply: Operates network of vital and dependable, pipelines, marine vessel and distribution centers that give transportation of supplies to customers around the world. With the growing demand, they optimize their network and use selective capital investments that yield a competitive advantage. Fuels marketing: serves a dependable and profitable channel to their refineries by selling high-quality products and services to make long-term value. They focus on greater safety and environment performance. Lubricant and Specialties: serves long-term value by striving to become the head of high-technology and recognized synthetic lubricant brands. The product could maintain the top performance with fuel economy, energy efficiency and also extensive equipment life. Chemical: viewing on commerce that leverage benefit feeds of enabling technology that optimizes feel flexibility with their assets and giving access to a big variety of feedstock with addition with the upstream and downstream of the organization management. They also focus on businesses that leverage lower-cost manufacturing process by having proprietary technology, operational excellence, integration and scale combination. 4. The Oil and Refinery Processes and Operation in ExxonMobil W.R. Grace and ExxonMobil came up with their own way to increase productivity and reduced losses that are they developed a membrane-based process for improving solvents used in the refining lubricants. It provides superior yields of lube oil while concurrently overwhelming less energy, reducing cooling water use and potentially reducing level of volatile-natural emissions from the dewaxing operation. The yield increase equates to a typical commercial plant of about 2 million barrels of crude oil per year. By improving and recycling the dewaxing solvent while bypassing the energy intensive parts of plant, a single facility can decrease oil consumption by 36 thousand barrels per year and greenhouse gas emissions by about 20 thousand tons per each plant. The same plant can reduce cooling water by nearly 4 million gallons per day. The release of the solvents which are unstable organic materials can be reduced by 50 to 200 tons per year per plant depending on the mechanical condition of its equipment. This technology was first implemented commercially at ExxonMobils Beaumont, Taxes refinery. It easily retrofitted into existing plants or in corporate into new plant design and currently trademarked process max-dewax. ExxonMobil refineries operates a worldwide integrated network of consistency and efficient refineries, marine tanker, distribution centers and pipelines that serves transportation fuels, feed stock, lubricant and other high-value products to their customers. The corporation proven business model to pursue operating excellence while leveraging their global scale and integration across to capture cost efficiencies and improve limitations. Their global supply organization optimizes their network as well as selection and procurement of raw materials supply of product to customers and placement of their equity crude. They meet the growing demand through selective capital investments that give way competitive benefits. ExxonMobil Safety Goals To Protect Their People. The safety efforts are driven by clear objective Nobody Gets Hurt. Its a goal for employees and contractors alike, while ExxonMobil is a leader in the industry that has low incident rates. The corporation took an efficient move towards to hazard acknowledgement, safety work planning, field confirmation and measurement of fulfillment against their safety standards. The effort includes extensive computer based training and also increasing use of simulators. All complemented by specific test and confirmation of each workers consideration and capabilities. Protect Our Facilities They work untiringly to uphold the integrity of their operations. Its begins with implementing and determined to upgrade upon sound industry level. Instant example, they work for establish through the NPRAs National Safety Conference and the API. But it goes well beyond that. The process in the start-up and shutdown mode less than 5% of the time, near 40% of incident happens during these take-off and landing periods. Therefore, they currently conducting passing HAZOPs to proactively verify the unique risks that passing operations can present. There are also attempting to calculate the standard of risk that for each scenario/potential incident. To help identify risks, they have adopted a game-changing operation based on Incident Risk Analysis Tool. This tool scores the vital potential result of an incident in addition to procedures the layers of security in place to avoid such a situation from happening. Protect The Environment ExxonMobil strives to run business in a compatible method with the ecological and economic needs of the communities. This twin challenge stores energy in the forms necessary for economic growth, as protecting the environment. The environmental management is guided by Protect Tomorrow, Today. The tool in measuring environmental routine is a comprehensive site-by-site deliver of emissions. This enables to define site-specific priorities for development and construct an Environmental Business Plan which integrates environmental upgraded aims into business plans for each facility. They are also relentless pursuers of energy efficiency. They developed energy efficiency system by collecting knowledge from operators and engineers. Protect The Community They struggle to make a positive involvement to the living and welfare of the local community. This forms as of creating citizen optional panels to chains local contractors and vendors on top of supporting humanitarian activities. The key to their ER preparedness is maintaining the relationship with government agencies, law enforcement, state, country organizations and local communities. They made detailed plans for different types of emergencies and drill them regularly at the plant level. They hold 2 worldwide drills every year, appealing a wide network across their global organization. Most of the drills are matched with nearby plants, home responders, officials and the public leaders. They also use these to learn and consult with their neighbors. 5. Risks that Lead to the Oil Spill Disaster and Pollution 5.1 Five Causes That Leads to the Accident The National Transportation Safety Board determined and identified 5 probable causes of the accident: The third mate failed to properly maneuver the vessel due to fatigue and excessive workload The master failed to provide proper navigation watch due to impairment from alcohol The company failed to supervise the master and provide a rested and sufficient crew for the vessel The U.S. Coast Guard failed to provide an effective vessel traffic system Effective pilot and escort services were lacking In the accident that night, 8 of the 11 tanks on board were damaged. The spilled oil would finally impact over 11 hundred miles of non-continuous coastline in Alaska. The sociocultural and psychological impact of the Exxon Valdez oil spill were examined in a population-based study of 593 men and women live in 14 Alaskan communities roughly about one year after the spill occurred. Between the oil spill exposures, progressive dose-response relationships were found and the following cleaning efforts and the next variables such as reported: 5.2 Reported Variables in Dose-Respond Relationship and the Subsequent Cleanup Effort A decline in traditional social relations with relatives members, links, neighbors and co-worker A decline in continuation production and circulation activities Increase in the quantity of troubles related with drinking, drug violence and home violence A decline in observed health grade an increase in the amount of medical form confirmed by a doctor Amplified post-spill charge of global anxiety disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, and depression. Alaskan local resident, women and 17 to 45 year olds in the high and low exposed groups were mostly at risk for the 3 psychiatric disorders. As the result of the oil spills suggest, result on the psychosocial environment was as major as its effect on the physical situation. The effect also has vital theoretical and practical implication for the perceptive and improvement of unpleasant effect of long term processes of sociocultural changes. 6. Consequences of All the Hazard of the Oil Spill The spill and its environmental consequences alongside its devastating communications were massive. The disaster cost roughly around USD 7 billion dollars including the cleanup costs. USD 5 billion dollars of this was the largest penalizing fines ever handed out to a company. The oil spills disaster results of coastal and offshore waters occupied by nearly one million birds. More than 30 thousand dead birds and almost 90 species were found dead by 1st august 1989. They recognized Murres (74%), other Alcids (7%) and sea duck (5.3%) suffered the highest mortality from oil and most of 88% birds were killed outside of Prince William Sound. A colony of 129 thousand Murres at the Barren Island was mostly devastated. From 1st August to 13th October, another 7000 birds were retrieved but most of those birds appeared to have died from natural causes. This later die off was composed largely of shearwaters and other procellariids(51%), gulls (22%), and puffin (14%). 100 thousand to 300 thousand birds were killed by the disaster and estimated by aerial and ship-based surveys for population at risk and extrapolating from the number of birds recovered. The damage to the companys reputation is more important and more difficult to quantify. Nevertheless, Exxon lost market share and slipped from being the largest oil company to the third largest in the world. The Exxon Valdez entered the language as a shortcut for corporate arrogance and damage 7. Improvement and Change Done By ExxonMobil In the result of the accident, ExxonMobil undertook important operational reforms and implemented a very systematic operational management system to prevent future incidents. The system has been applied globally and nothing similar occurs after the accident. They believe their subsequent record of safety stems first and foremost from disciplined and systematic improvements they made. The corporation considers this strong performance encouraging and it serves as a solid platform for continuous improvement efforts. In the result of the oil spill accident, ExxonMobil redoubled its commitment to safe guard the environment, employees and operating communities worldwide. As for the improvement of them prevention, they have done; 7.1 Prevention Improvement Modified the tanker routes Instituted drug and alcohol testing programs for safety sensitive positions Restricted safety-sensitive positions to employees with no history of substance abuse Implemented more extensive periodic assessment of ExxonMobil vessels and facilities They strengthened the training programs for vessel captains and pilots. Applied new technology to improve vessel navigation and ensure the integrity of oil containment systems. In the event a spill occurs, the corporation also has improved their respond capability, such as; 7.2 Respond Capability Improvement ExxonMobil is a founding member of every major oil spill response teams worldwide. There are over thousand ExxonMobil employees involved in oil spill response team worldwide The company holds frequent, extensive oil spill drill at various ExxonMobil locations around the world. ExxonMobil has developed and applied new spill-detecting technology. 8. Conclusion From the report, we learned about ExxonMobil Corporation. We study on ExxonMobils aims and objectives and we know how the corporation strives to be the number one oil and gas companies in the world. ExxonMobils refinery process and operation taught us their way to increase productivity and reduced losses. They developed a new process called membrane-based process for improving the solvent used in the refining lubricants. They also operates a worldwide integrated network of consistency and efficient refineries, marine tanker, distribution centers and pipelines that serves transportation fuels, feed stock, lubricant and other high-value products. On March 1989, an oil spill disaster occurred and gives massive pollution to environment. Just because of human and technical error, Prince Williams Sound seriously polluted. Thousands of birds and 90 species were found dead after the disaster take place. Its the largest oil spilled to date in U.S. waters. After the accident, ExxonMobil took a very systematic operational management system in order to prevent the future accident. Since they applied the system, nothing similar occurs after the accident. This tragedy can be useful experience for engineers all over the world. Every action must be seriously analyzed before proceeding to the next step.

Narrative as Determination of the Future Anterior :: Narratives Writing Transsexuals Gender Essays

Narrative as Determination of the Future Anterior Narrative, it seems banal to observe, opens a space. This space is not so much a place of play for unlimited possibilities (although in the best of possible worlds it might yet be) as somewhere determined, always, in advance, by the future anterior: what will have happened and how it will already have taken place lure us through stories to their ends, become the end that shines through from the very start. Reading for the ending: in narrative, the end justifies the means; the end is the means. That is why the distinction so frequently drawn between plot and story, fabula and sjuzhet, while handy, turns most provocative precisely when it cannot be made, when the temptation is there for us to make it as readers, when the way to do it seems at hand, but we are stopped ultimately from completing it. Too many Cliffs Notes to The Sound and the Fury have made modernist plot-story scramblings predictable, easy-to-read. But still we watch out for when the story turns out to be such that its arrangement prevents us from decrypting, excavating it. The end (the story) stymies the means (the plot) and vice versa. At the end of â€Å"Leopoldina’s Dream† by Silvina Ocampo, we find out that the story has been told, not by a human narrator as we may have assumed in our anthropomorphic self-satisfaction, but by a little dog who, along with his mistress, Leopoldina, has--Virgin Mary-like--been assumed into Heaven. We are left with the puzzle of where this story, this plot, this narrative enunciation, could have come from. Heaven? A dream of Heaven? The end crosses the means; the story undoes the plot. More, since the first part of the story concerns Leopoldina’s miraculous ability to bring back objects from her dreams, the tale, narrative itself here, resembles one of these objects, brought back, mysteriously, from some other place, dream world or Heaven. Leopoldina’s dream-objects, much to the frustration of the little girls she looks after, are poor things, stones, grass. The narrative, likewise, is a poor object, a mundane miracle, produced by the simple yet frustrati ngly seductive crossing of narrative options. Christopher Priest’s novel of the everyday miraculous, The Glamour, deals with invisibility so as to intertwine plot and story in a way that seems relatively straightforward at the beginning, only to turn into a tangle, a conundrum, at the end, much more so than the flashier (hence, more reassuring) experiments of the nouveau roman or overtly experimental fiction.

Internal vs External Change Agent Essay

One of the example that he did was â€Å"In his early years, he helped GE Plastics explode from a $28 million after-thought into a billion dollar business. (Answer) Promoting personally from the internal organisation will have its positive effects, as they will have known the organisation structure, culture and also the employees’ working attitudes and behaviour towards their job and the organisation. And will have the awareness of what is the current problem of organisation is facing and the cause of it. Which can be shown by Jack Welch decided to quit due to â€Å"frustrated by the organisation’s bureaucracy†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Answer). This could save the time of finding out of the current practices, culture and procedures of the organisation. And know which of the manager of the organisation can entrust. This provides a morale boast to the front line employee who is suffering from the current situation; a mutual understanding will be form between the employees and the new CEO as they might have worked together before. Knowing the structure of the organisation inside out, will let the new CEO to know which part of the structure is in flaw and require fixing whether it is the corporate between two departments of within the department itself or even the flow of process a project or working procedure. With the time spent in the organisation, the CEO will have known the culture of it like; knowing the time of employee’s lunch hour and tea break sessions. He will be able to make necessary changes to it to boast the productive of the worker. And knowing the employees’ working attitudes caused by the culture, for example a manager picking on every small mistake and carry heavy punishment will cause the employee to work in fear and lower morale which lead to lower productive. With the knowledge of problems that is causing the organisation to function poorly, the internal promoted CEO, he will know who he can entrust to do fix the problem and knowing which products/services that organisation manufactured/provided are with flaws. As an insider of the organisation, the CEO will have known that the weakness of the product and will able to cut off the production and switch the organisation focus on other type of product. Which is something, as a CEO hired from other place, cannot carry such actions. As this is will because chaos will break out in the organisation, as this will give a feeling or message to the employee that they will lose the sense of belonging to the work as they will feel that they don’t have the skill or knowledge to cope with it. As for the promoted CEO from within might have problem to create a revolution for the organisation as he might have a fix mind set of following the currents culture and structure, which will only make the situation more worse as the employee will not able to see any changes in their work regards for better or worse. As CEO is hired from other organisation, this will bring in a different view and will able to bring in other organisation strengths to help improve the current situation of the organisation. The new CEO will not bind down with the relationship of the current staff and thus he will not hesitate to replace the current staff with the more capable new staff. This will give a clear message to the current staff to change their working attitude towards their job. With new top management, this will change the culture of the organisation might have a positive effect as changes is for the good. However, by bringing new culture or replacing with new staff, this might have a side effect on the organisation, as the current staff might felt left out and the suddenly change to culture can create new problem as the current staff might not able to cope with it. An internal leadership will prove a better solution for the organisation that is going for a change. As this shorten the process of understanding the organisation and pointing out problem faster than a CEO hired from other organisation. And also they are more accurately to identifying the correct person with their hearing from others. With the case of Jack Welch, he was able to turn one of the GE’s business from million to billion worth. â€Å"An internal placement could result in multiple inside promotions. † (Sullivan 1999) Since there is an open slot for promotion, as people are moving up, this can serve as a reason for people to show what they can do for the organisation. Thus improve the organisation productive.

Communication in the Workplace - 1548 Words

Communication in the Workplace Regardless of the environment in which one works, communication is always vital and a key factor of success. Communication happens both physically and verbally and is absolutely essential if you want to inform someone about something. Communication has two main components, sending out a message to someone, and ensuring the message is received correctly to the other member of the conversation. It is therefore fair to say speaking and listening are vital to effective communication. I will talk about how effective communication is needed in my current position, as well as the future. Computer Science is the name of my degree choice. Once graduated, I intend on becoming an Information Technology†¦show more content†¦This, in turn, results in ineffective listening which decreases the overall communication. Effective listening is an essential skill for an IT consultant. The reason for this is that I will be working closely with a mixed range of clients and customers who have their own demands. Alongside them I will also be given an authoritative figure within the support department. I will need to have an extremely good understanding of what the clients want. I will have to fully listen to all of the client’s needs, and then create solutions. I will need to fulfill the client’s needs in a logical and timely manner. Although communication is usually thought of as being only oral, emotional intelligence can be used as well. Emotional intelligence can be described as a â€Å"skill in perceiving, understanding, and managing emotions and feelings† (dictionary.com). Emotional Intelligence (EI) is used to improve interpersonal skills. EI sets about identifying one’s emotion and then regulating them to result in effective communication. 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